Built-in types and operations

These operations are available through the prelude or compiler-known type and method names. Their contracts complement the language rules for types, ownership, and iteration.

• Numbers: parsing, checked integer conversion, limits and constants, powers, float functions, and scalar formatting.
• Quantities: numeric values with checked dimensions, coherent-value access and unit conversion.
• Formatting: representations and printed values.
• Tuples: fixed products and component access.
• Boxes: explicit heap ownership and content access.
• Shared owners: one value with several counted owners.
• Text: Unicode values and character lookup.
• Byte literals: immutable bytes values, byte lookup, and iteration; distinct from owned std.bytes.Bytes buffers.
• Text search, building, and splitting.
• Collections: common behavior, followed by construction and copying, lists, dictionaries, and sets.
• Ranges: allocation-free integer sequences.

An operation’s allocation guarantee excludes constructing its arguments and running user cleanup. Result and Option wrappers add no allocation. Operations that observe inputs leave them available; owned arguments follow ordinary move or copy rules. References are accepted where an operation observes a value, unless its contract says otherwise.